Gemini Robotics 2 brings whole body intelligence to robots

From feet to fingertips — we are teaching robots intelligent whole-body control, fine dexterity, and teamwork to complete a broad range of complex tasks

For decades, we’ve dreamed of robots that can seamlessly step into our world and lend a hand. Now, that vision takes a significant stride forward.

Most robots are pre-programmed or teleoperated for narrow, repetitive task sequences. They lack the ability to truly learn for themselves or adapt to unpredictable environments. Moreover, transferring learned skills from one robot body to another remains incredibly difficult. To take on the hardest problems at scale, robots of every shape and size need AI models giving them the ability to think, act, and interact intelligently to safely complete tasks.

We demonstrated how Gemini's multimodal understanding could drive real-world action with Gemini Robotics . Today, we are introducing Gemini Robotics 2 - the intelligence layer powering the next generation of truly adaptable robots. As it takes its first literal steps, this major advance unlocks intelligent whole-body control, advanced dexterity, and multi-robot collaboration.

For the first time, our model can now control entire humanoid robots, translating intent into intelligent whole-body control. For example, when controlling Apptronik’s Apollo 2 humanoid robot, we can ask it to “put the watering can into the green bin in the bottom shelf. ” Apollo processes the instruction, walks to the table, and picks up the watering can, takes a few steps to the shelves, and places it precisely in its destination. While our robots have more to advance in movement speed, this is an important step towards the skills needed to complete more complex, real-world tasks that require whole-body coordination.

Most real-world tasks require multiple steps over an extended period of time. To manage this complexity, our embodied reasoning (ER) model, Gemini Robotics ER 2, serves as the robot’s high-level brain, processing user instructions and communicating with humans. It observes the room, reasons about the steps needed to complete the task, coordinates with the VLA to carry out the actions, and tracks progress until the task is done. This setup allows robots to execute complex multi-step tasks, self-correct if a step fails, and generalize to novel situations and goals.

For their leadership and support of this effort, we’d like to thank: Jean-Baptiste Alayrac, Zoubin Ghahramani, Koray Kavukcuoglu and Demis Hassabis. We’d like to recognize the many teams across Google and Google DeepMind that have contributed to this effort including Legal, Marketing, Communications, Responsibility and Safety Council, Responsible Development and Innovation, Policy, Strategy and Operations, and our Business and Corporate Development teams. We’d like to thank everyone on the Robotics team not explicitly mentioned above for their continued support and guidance. Finally, we’d like to thank our partners: Apptronik, Boston Dynamics, and Agile Robots teams for their support.

Gemini Robotics 2 enables robots to reason through every movement, unlocking a broad range of tasks. For example, it can enable a humanoid to walk, crouch, stretch, and manipulate objects to clean up a cluttered room. It can even team up with other robots to finish the job faster. And this profound intelligence can also run locally on-device while seamlessly adapting to entirely new robotic bodies in just a few hours.

Gemini Robotics ER 2, our reasoning model, is now available on Google AI Studio and in private preview on Gemini Enterprise Agent Platform . Our VLA and On-Device models are available to early-access partners . Read how to bring these models to your hardware on our Developer blog .

The world is built for human movements; it requires us to reach, bend, and balance in tight, cluttered spaces. While our previous models controlled the humanoid’s upper-body to achieve table-top tasks, Gemini Robotics 2 expands physical AI into whole-body motions.